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Cet ouvrage est un recueil d'une vingtaine d'articles écrits par Jean Peneff entre 1967 et 2018, rassemblés par Alain Blanc, sur les sujets représentatifs du travail du sociologue, et significatifs de son approche particulière du terrain. L'intérêt de l'ouvrage, son caractère original tiennent justement dans ce regroupement de textes portant sur des thématiques et des techniques d'observation du terrain diverses. Il permet ainsi de mettre en lumière les idées-forces et les grands apports de Jean Peneff à la discipline, tout en donnant à voir un échantillon de sa couleur personnelle, unique, de son approche des sujets, grâce à des textes courts, vifs, faciles à appréhender.

Participant observation --- Social sciences --- Observation (Scientific method) --- Peneff, Jean

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Science --- Metrology. --- Methodology. --- Measurement --- Weights and measures --- Scientific method --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical

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"In this book the philosophers Steve Nadler and Lawrence Shapiro will explain why bad thinking happens to good people. Why is it, they ask, that so large a segment of public can go so wrong in both how they come to form the opinions they do and how they fail to appreciate the moral consequences of acting on them. Their diagnosis of the current state of affairs in America, at least, is this: a significant proportion of the population is stupid. They intend this not as mere name-calling, but a diagnosis of a problem that we neglect at our peril. By "stupid" they do not mean lacking intelligence, knowledge, education, skill or savvy. Stupidity, as they understand it, is a character flaw deserving of blame. Unlike ignorance or lack of intelligence-and bearing in mind that even very smart people can be stupid-it is generally avoidable. Stupid people do not have to be stupid. But they typically refuse to take the steps that would cure them of their condition. This book is our effort to illuminate the various dimensions of stupidity so that it might be more easily recognized and treated. The philosophical subjects of epistemology, which addresses what knowledge is and how to distinguish knowing something from merely believing it, and ethics, the study of the moral principles that ought to govern our behavior, can help us understand the difficult and perilous situation in which we now find ourselves. As philosophers, Nadler and Shapiro will aim to offer a way forward through the tools of philosophy-its questions, its methods and even its millennia-old history of recommendations for how to lead a good and rational life. As they will show, the most potent antidote to stupidity is the wisdom and insights, as well as the practical skills provided by philosophy and its history"-- "Why the tools of philosophy offer a powerful antidote to today's epidemic of irrationalityThere is an epidemic of bad thinking in the world today. An alarming number of people are embracing crazy, even dangerous, ideas. They believe that vaccinations cause autism. They reject the scientific consensus on climate change as a "hoax." And they blame the spread of COVID-19 on the 5G network or a Chinese cabal. Worse, bad thinking drives bad acting-it even inspired a mob to storm the U.S. Capitol. In this book, Steven Nadler and Lawrence Shapiro argue that the best antidote for bad thinking and acting is the wisdom, insights, and practical skills of philosophy. When Bad Thinking Happens to Good People provides an engaging tour through the basic principles of logic, argument, evidence, and probability that can make all of us more reasonable and responsible citizens.When Bad Thinking Happens to Good People shows how we can more readily spot and avoid flawed arguments and unreliable information; determine whether evidence supports or contradicts an idea; distinguish between merely believing something and knowing it; and much more. In doing so, the book reveals how epistemology, which addresses the nature of belief and knowledge, and ethics, the study of moral principles that should govern our behavior, can reduce bad thinking and bad action. Moreover, the book shows why philosophy's millennia-old advice about how to lead a good, rational, and examined life is essential for escaping our current predicament.In a world in which irrationality has exploded to deadly effect, When Bad Thinking Happens to Good People is a timely and essential guide for a return to reason"--

Thought and thinking. --- Fallacies (Logic) --- Abductive reasoning. --- Admonition. --- Akrasia. --- Aphorism. --- Apology (Plato). --- Baruch Spinoza. --- Base rate fallacy. --- Base rate. --- Causality. --- Certainty. --- Climate change. --- Confirmation bias. --- Consideration. --- Conspiracy theory. --- Copyright. --- Cover-up. --- Decision-making. --- Deductive reasoning. --- Deed. --- Deliberation. --- Discretion. --- Disgust. --- Disjunctive syllogism. --- Embarrassment. --- Epistemology. --- Ethics. --- Eudaimonia. --- Euthyphro (prophet). --- Euthyphro. --- Evidentialism. --- Existence of God. --- Explanation. --- Fallacy. --- Feeling. --- Good and evil. --- Gun control. --- Hoax. --- Hypothesis. --- Idiot. --- Inductive reasoning. --- Inference. --- Instance (computer science). --- Irrationality. --- Laziness. --- Literature. --- Logic. --- Mathematician. --- Meditations on First Philosophy. --- Morality. --- Nicomachean Ethics. --- Objectivity (philosophy). --- Observation. --- Of Education. --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy of science. --- Philosophy. --- Phronesis. --- Piety. --- Plato. --- Police officer. --- Politician. --- Practical reason. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Prejudice. --- Premise. --- Premises. --- Principle. --- Probability. --- Psychologist. --- Quantity. --- Racism. --- Rationality. --- Reason. --- Reasonable person. --- Requirement. --- Result. --- Science. --- Scientific method. --- Scientist. --- Security guard. --- Self-control. --- Shame. --- Skepticism. --- Slippery slope. --- Soundness. --- State of affairs (sociology). --- Stupidity. --- Suffering. --- Suggestion. --- The Philosopher. --- The unexamined life is not worth living. --- Theft. --- Theory of justification. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Truism. --- Uncertainty. --- Vaccination. --- Validity.

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"From the bestselling author of SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome, the fascinating story of how images of Roman autocrats have influenced art, culture, and the representation of power for more than 2,000 yearsWhat does the face of power look like? Who gets commemorated in art and why? And how do we react to statues of politicians we deplore? In this book-against a background of today's "sculpture wars"-Mary Beard tells the story of how for more than two millennia portraits of the rich, powerful, and famous in the western world have been shaped by the image of Roman emperors, especially the "twelve Caesars," from the ruthless Julius Caesar to the fly-torturing Domitian. Twelve Caesars asks why these murderous autocrats have loomed so large in art from antiquity and the Renaissance to today, when hapless leaders are still caricatured as Neros fiddling while Rome burns.Beginning with the importance of imperial portraits in Roman politics, this richly illustrated book offers a tour through 2,000 years of art and cultural history, presenting a fresh look at works by artists from Memling and Mantegna to the nineteenth-century African American sculptor Edmonia Lewis, as well as by generations of now-forgotten weavers, cabinetmakers, silversmiths, printers, and ceramicists. Rather than a story of a simple repetition of stable, blandly conservative images of imperial men and women, Twelve Caesars is an unexpected tale of changing identities, clueless or deliberate misidentifications, fakes, and often ambivalent representations of authority.From Beard's reconstruction of Titian's extraordinary lost Room of the Emperors to her reinterpretation of Henry VIII's famous Caesarian tapestries, Twelve Caesars includes some fascinating detective work and offers a gripping story of some of the most challenging and disturbing portraits of power ever created.Published in association with the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC"--

Kings and rulers --- Power (Social sciences) in art --- Emperors --- Art, Roman --- Art --- History of civilization --- power --- portraits --- rulers [people] --- Roman emperors --- Portraits --- Power (Social sciences) in art. --- History / Ancient / Rome --- Art / History / General --- Kings and rulers - Portraits --- Emperors - Rome - Portraits --- Art, Roman - Influence --- Kings and rulers. --- Emperors. --- ART / History / General. --- HISTORY / Ancient / Rome. --- Roman art --- Classical antiquities --- Czars (Emperors) --- Rulers --- Sovereigns --- Tsars --- Tzars --- Czars (Kings and rulers) --- Kings and rulers, Primitive --- Monarchs --- Royalty --- Heads of state --- Queens --- Influence. --- Rome (Empire) --- Aeneid. --- Agrippina the Younger. --- Alessandro Farnese (cardinal). --- Ancient Rome. --- Ancient art. --- Ancient history. --- Andrea Fulvio. --- Andrea Mantegna. --- Anselm Kiefer. --- Antistrophe. --- Antoninus Pius. --- Antonio Verrio. --- Assassination. --- Aubrey Beardsley. --- Augustan History. --- Autocracy. --- Banality (sculpture series). --- Bembo. --- Brindisi. --- Bust (sculpture). --- Caesarism. --- Camerino. --- Capitoline Museums. --- Caption (comics convention). --- Caracalla. --- Cardinal Mazarin. --- Chris Riddell. --- Christina, Queen of Sweden. --- Classicism. --- Claudius. --- Commodus. --- Cosimo de' Medici. --- Crucifixion of Jesus. --- Decapitation. --- Della Rovere. --- Denarius. --- Domitian. --- Domus Aurea. --- Egypt (Roman province). --- Elagabalus. --- Engraving. --- Giambattista della Porta. --- Giulio Romano. --- Gonzaga Cameo. --- Hans Memling. --- Heroic nudity. --- Illustration. --- Imperial Armour. --- Imperialism. --- Ippolito Buzzi. --- James Gillray. --- Judas Iscariot. --- Kerameikos. --- La Dolce Vita. --- Lawrence Alma-Tadema. --- Livilla. --- Longevity. --- Manuscript. --- Marcantonio Raimondi. --- Max Beerbohm. --- Messalina. --- Middle class. --- Misogyny. --- Nativity scene. --- Nicolas Coustou. --- Nobility. --- Oliver Cromwell. --- Ostia (Rome). --- Paganism. --- Palinode. --- Peace treaty. --- Petrarch. --- Phrenology. --- Placard. --- Portland Vase. --- Putto. --- Roman Empire. --- Roman Imperial Coinage. --- Roman sculpture. --- Ruler. --- Sandro Botticelli. --- Satire. --- Schatzkammer. --- Scientific Method. --- Sculpture. --- Sophocles. --- Statue. --- Suetonius. --- Sulla. --- Tapestry. --- The Caesars (TV series). --- The Twelve Caesars. --- Thomas Couture. --- Tintoretto. --- Titian. --- Trajan's Column. --- Trajan. --- Vitellius. --- William Makepeace Thackeray. --- Writing. --- cultuurgeschiedenis

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Experimental cognitive psychology research is a hidden force in our online lives. We engage with it, often unknowingly, whenever we download a health app, complete a Facebook quiz, or rate our latest purchase. How did experimental psychology come to play an outsized role in these developments? This book considers this question through a look at cognitive psychology laboratories. Emily Martin traces how psychological research methods evolved, escaped the boundaries of the discipline, and infiltrated social media and our digital universe.

Psychology --- Psychology, Experimental. --- Human experimentation in psychology. --- Experimental psychologists. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social. --- Cognitive psychology --- Experiments. --- Experimental psychology --- Experimental psychologists --- Psychological experiments --- Psychology, Experimental --- Psychology, Cognitive --- Cognitive science --- Experimentation on humans, Psychological --- Psychological experimentation on humans --- Psychologists, Experimental --- Psychological research personnel --- Psychologists --- Research --- Experiments --- Psychology - Experiments --- Cognitive psychology - Experiments --- Human experimentation in psychology --- Cognitive psychology. --- Abstraction. --- Analogy. --- Anthropologist. --- Anthropology. --- Basic science (psychology). --- Behavior. --- Behaviorism. --- Behavioural sciences. --- Calculation. --- Causality. --- Coaching. --- Cognition. --- Cognitive science. --- Collaboration. --- Consciousness. --- Conspiracy theory. --- Control room. --- Cross-cultural psychology. --- Cultural practice. --- Decision-making. --- Digital media. --- Electroencephalography. --- Experiment. --- Experimental data. --- Experimental psychology. --- Face perception. --- Folk psychology. --- Functional magnetic resonance imaging. --- Funding of science. --- Gestalt psychology. --- Hallucination. --- Heuristic. --- How the Mind Works. --- Human subject research. --- Idealization. --- Ideology. --- Imagination. --- Information seeking. --- Interrogation. --- Introspection. --- Laboratory Life. --- Language game. --- Lecture. --- Machine learning. --- Mental disorder. --- Mental representation. --- Microcomputer. --- Minds. --- Mood (psychology). --- Natural experiment. --- Neuropsychology. --- Neuroscientist. --- Objectivity (science). --- Observation. --- Opportunism. --- Organizing (management). --- Parapsychology. --- Perceptual psychology. --- Personality quiz. --- Persuasive technology. --- Pragmatism. --- Prediction. --- Product manager. --- Psyche (psychology). --- Psychic. --- Psychological Science. --- Psychological manipulation. --- Psychological research. --- Psychological testing. --- Psychologist. --- Psychology. --- Psychopathology. --- Qualia. --- Qualitative research. --- Questionnaire. --- Quiz. --- Replication crisis. --- Research assistant. --- Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming). --- Science project. --- Science. --- Scientific method. --- Scientist. --- Scrutiny. --- Self-report study. --- Social psychology. --- Software. --- Spiritualism. --- Stanford prison experiment. --- Stimulation. --- Subjectivity. --- Technology. --- Test theory. --- Theory of mind. --- Thought. --- User experience design. --- Valence (psychology). --- Vulnerability (computing). --- Wilhelm Wundt.